Description
Ethanol 99.9%, also known as absolute ethanol or anhydrous alcohol, is a highly pure, colorless, and volatile liquid with a characteristic alcohol-like odor. Its chemical formula is C2H5OH. The “99” refers to its minimum purity, typically containing less than 1% water.
Chemical Properties
| Property | Specification / Value |
| Chemical Name | Ethanol |
| Common Name | Ethyl Alcohol |
| Chemical Formula | C₂H₅OH |
| Molecular Weight | 46.07 g/mol |
| Purity | ≥ 99.9% |
| Appearance | Clear, colorless liquid |
| Odor | Characteristic alcoholic odor |
| Density @ 20°C | ~0.789 g/cm³ |
| Boiling Point | ~78.3 °C |
| Melting / Freezing Point | ~−114 °C |
| pH | Neutral (≈7, aqueous solution) |
| Solubility | Completely miscible with water; soluble in most organic solvents |
| Vapor Pressure @ 20°C | ~5.9 kPa |
| Flash Point | ~13 °C (highly flammable) |
| Auto-Ignition Temperature | ~365 °C |
| Dielectric Constant | ~24.3 (at 25 °C) |
| Reactivity | Stable under normal conditions; reacts with strong oxidizers |
| Hygroscopic Nature | Slightly hygroscopic |
Properties and Uses
The high purity of ethanol 99 makes it a versatile chemical with a wide range of applications across various industries.
Solvent: Its ability to dissolve both polar and nonpolar substances makes it a popular solvent in laboratories and industrial processes. It’s used in the production of perfumes, cosmetics, inks, and coatings.
Disinfectant and Antiseptic: At high concentrations, ethanol is an effective agent for killing bacteria, viruses, and fungi. It’s a key ingredient in many hand sanitizers and disinfectants.
Fuel: Ethanol can be used as a biofuel, either on its own or blended with gasoline. Its high flammability makes it an efficient fuel source.
Pharmaceuticals: It serves as an active ingredient in some pharmaceutical formulations and is also used as a solvent in the manufacturing of various drugs.
Electronics: Its quick evaporation and ability to dissolve contaminants make it an ideal cleaning agent for circuit boards and other electronic components
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